A NICU, or Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, provides specialized care for newborns who may be premature, have a low birth weight, breathing difficulties, infections or other conditions requiring close monitoring and treatment. A PICU, or Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, provides intensive care for infants and older children with serious illnesses, injuries or complications. The need for NICU or PICU admission is determined by the child’s medical condition and level of monitoring or support required.